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# frozen_string_literal: true
#
# ipaddr.rb - A class to manipulate an IP address
#
# Copyright (c) 2002 Hajimu UMEMOTO <ume@mahoroba.org>.
# Copyright (c) 2007, 2009, 2012 Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org>.
# All rights reserved.
#
# You can redistribute and/or modify it under the same terms as Ruby.
#
# $Id$
#
# Contact:
# - Akinori MUSHA <knu@iDaemons.org> (current maintainer)
#
# TODO:
# - scope_id support
#
require 'socket'
# IPAddr provides a set of methods to manipulate an IP address. Both IPv4 and
# IPv6 are supported.
#
# == Example
#
# require 'ipaddr'
#
# ipaddr1 = IPAddr.new "3ffe:505:2::1"
#
# p ipaddr1 #=> #<IPAddr: IPv6:3ffe:0505:0002:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff>
#
# p ipaddr1.to_s #=> "3ffe:505:2::1"
#
# ipaddr2 = ipaddr1.mask(48) #=> #<IPAddr: IPv6:3ffe:0505:0002:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/ffff:ffff:ffff:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000>
#
# p ipaddr2.to_s #=> "3ffe:505:2::"
#
# ipaddr3 = IPAddr.new "192.168.2.0/24"
#
# p ipaddr3 #=> #<IPAddr: IPv4:192.168.2.0/255.255.255.0>
class IPAddr
VERSION = "1.2.6"
# 32 bit mask for IPv4
IN4MASK = 0xffffffff
# 128 bit mask for IPv6
IN6MASK = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
# Format string for IPv6
IN6FORMAT = (["%.4x"] * 8).join(':').freeze
# Regexp _internally_ used for parsing IPv4 address.
RE_IPV4ADDRLIKE = %r{
\A
(\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+)
\z
}x
# Regexp _internally_ used for parsing IPv6 address.
RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_FULL = %r{
\A
(?:
(?: [\da-f]{1,4} : ){7} [\da-f]{1,4}
|
( (?: [\da-f]{1,4} : ){6} )
(\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+)
)
\z
}xi
# Regexp _internally_ used for parsing IPv6 address.
RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_COMPRESSED = %r{
\A
( (?: (?: [\da-f]{1,4} : )* [\da-f]{1,4} )? )
::
( (?:
( (?: [\da-f]{1,4} : )* )
(?:
[\da-f]{1,4}
|
(\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+) \. (\d+)
)
)? )
\z
}xi
# Generic IPAddr related error. Exceptions raised in this class should
# inherit from Error.
class Error < ArgumentError; end
# Raised when the provided IP address is an invalid address.
class InvalidAddressError < Error; end
# Raised when the address family is invalid such as an address with an
# unsupported family, an address with an inconsistent family, or an address
# who's family cannot be determined.
class AddressFamilyError < Error; end
# Raised when the address is an invalid length.
class InvalidPrefixError < InvalidAddressError; end
# Returns the address family of this IP address.
attr_reader :family
# Creates a new ipaddr containing the given network byte ordered
# string form of an IP address.
def self.new_ntoh(addr)
return new(ntop(addr))
end
# Convert a network byte ordered string form of an IP address into
# human readable form.
def self.ntop(addr)
case addr.size
when 4
addr.unpack('C4').join('.')
when 16
IN6FORMAT % addr.unpack('n8')
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by bitwise AND.
def &(other)
return self.clone.set(@addr & coerce_other(other).to_i)
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by bitwise OR.
def |(other)
return self.clone.set(@addr | coerce_other(other).to_i)
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by bitwise right-shift.
def >>(num)
return self.clone.set(@addr >> num)
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by bitwise left shift.
def <<(num)
return self.clone.set(addr_mask(@addr << num))
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by bitwise negation.
def ~
return self.clone.set(addr_mask(~@addr))
end
# Returns true if two ipaddrs are equal.
def ==(other)
other = coerce_other(other)
rescue
false
else
@family == other.family && @addr == other.to_i
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by masking IP address with the given
# prefixlen/netmask. (e.g. 8, 64, "255.255.255.0", etc.)
def mask(prefixlen)
return self.clone.mask!(prefixlen)
end
# Returns true if the given ipaddr is in the range.
#
# e.g.:
# require 'ipaddr'
# net1 = IPAddr.new("192.168.2.0/24")
# net2 = IPAddr.new("192.168.2.100")
# net3 = IPAddr.new("192.168.3.0")
# net4 = IPAddr.new("192.168.2.0/16")
# p net1.include?(net2) #=> true
# p net1.include?(net3) #=> false
# p net1.include?(net4) #=> false
# p net4.include?(net1) #=> true
def include?(other)
other = coerce_other(other)
return false unless other.family == family
begin_addr <= other.begin_addr && end_addr >= other.end_addr
end
alias === include?
# Returns the integer representation of the ipaddr.
def to_i
return @addr
end
# Returns a string containing the IP address representation.
def to_s
str = to_string
return str if ipv4?
str.gsub!(/\b0{1,3}([\da-f]+)\b/i, '\1')
loop do
break if str.sub!(/\A0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0\z/, '::')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0:0\b/, ':')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0:0\b/, ':')
break if str.sub!(/\b0:0\b/, ':')
break
end
str.sub!(/:{3,}/, '::')
if /\A::(ffff:)?([\da-f]{1,4}):([\da-f]{1,4})\z/i =~ str
str = sprintf('::%s%d.%d.%d.%d', $1, $2.hex / 256, $2.hex % 256, $3.hex / 256, $3.hex % 256)
end
str
end
# Returns a string containing the IP address representation in
# canonical form.
def to_string
str = _to_string(@addr)
if @family == Socket::AF_INET6
str << zone_id.to_s
end
return str
end
# Returns a network byte ordered string form of the IP address.
def hton
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
return [@addr].pack('N')
when Socket::AF_INET6
return (0..7).map { |i|
(@addr >> (112 - 16 * i)) & 0xffff
}.pack('n8')
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is an IPv4 address.
def ipv4?
return @family == Socket::AF_INET
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is an IPv6 address.
def ipv6?
return @family == Socket::AF_INET6
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is a loopback address.
def loopback?
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
@addr & 0xff000000 == 0x7f000000
when Socket::AF_INET6
@addr == 1
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is a private address. IPv4 addresses
# in 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16 as defined in RFC
# 1918 and IPv6 Unique Local Addresses in fc00::/7 as defined in RFC
# 4193 are considered private. Private IPv4 addresses in the
# IPv4-mapped IPv6 address range are also considered private.
def private?
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
@addr & 0xff000000 == 0x0a000000 || # 10.0.0.0/8
@addr & 0xfff00000 == 0xac100000 || # 172.16.0.0/12
@addr & 0xffff0000 == 0xc0a80000 # 192.168.0.0/16
when Socket::AF_INET6
@addr & 0xfe00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 == 0xfc00_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 ||
(@addr & 0xffff_0000_0000 == 0xffff_0000_0000 && (
@addr & 0xff000000 == 0x0a000000 || # ::ffff:10.0.0.0/8
@addr & 0xfff00000 == 0xac100000 || # ::ffff::172.16.0.0/12
@addr & 0xffff0000 == 0xc0a80000 # ::ffff::192.168.0.0/16
))
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is a link-local address. IPv4
# addresses in 169.254.0.0/16 reserved by RFC 3927 and Link-Local
# IPv6 Unicast Addresses in fe80::/10 reserved by RFC 4291 are
# considered link-local.
def link_local?
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
@addr & 0xffff0000 == 0xa9fe0000 # 169.254.0.0/16
when Socket::AF_INET6
@addr & 0xffc0_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 == 0xfe80_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
def ipv4_mapped?
return ipv6? && (@addr >> 32) == 0xffff
end
# Returns true if the ipaddr is an IPv4-compatible IPv6 address.
def ipv4_compat?
warn "IPAddr\##{__callee__} is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
_ipv4_compat?
end
def _ipv4_compat?
if !ipv6? || (@addr >> 32) != 0
return false
end
a = (@addr & IN4MASK)
return a != 0 && a != 1
end
private :_ipv4_compat?
# Returns a new ipaddr built by converting the native IPv4 address
# into an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
def ipv4_mapped
if !ipv4?
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv4 address: #{@addr}"
end
clone = self.clone.set(@addr | 0xffff00000000, Socket::AF_INET6)
clone.instance_variable_set(:@mask_addr, @mask_addr | 0xffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000)
clone
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by converting the native IPv4 address
# into an IPv4-compatible IPv6 address.
def ipv4_compat
warn "IPAddr\##{__callee__} is obsolete", uplevel: 1 if $VERBOSE
if !ipv4?
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv4 address: #{@addr}"
end
return self.clone.set(@addr, Socket::AF_INET6)
end
# Returns a new ipaddr built by converting the IPv6 address into a
# native IPv4 address. If the IP address is not an IPv4-mapped or
# IPv4-compatible IPv6 address, returns self.
def native
if !ipv4_mapped? && !_ipv4_compat?
return self
end
return self.clone.set(@addr & IN4MASK, Socket::AF_INET)
end
# Returns a string for DNS reverse lookup. It returns a string in
# RFC3172 form for an IPv6 address.
def reverse
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
return _reverse + ".in-addr.arpa"
when Socket::AF_INET6
return ip6_arpa
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Returns a string for DNS reverse lookup compatible with RFC3172.
def ip6_arpa
if !ipv6?
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv6 address: #{@addr}"
end
return _reverse + ".ip6.arpa"
end
# Returns a string for DNS reverse lookup compatible with RFC1886.
def ip6_int
if !ipv6?
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv6 address: #{@addr}"
end
return _reverse + ".ip6.int"
end
# Returns the successor to the ipaddr.
def succ
return self.clone.set(@addr + 1, @family)
end
# Compares the ipaddr with another.
def <=>(other)
other = coerce_other(other)
rescue
nil
else
@addr <=> other.to_i if other.family == @family
end
include Comparable
# Checks equality used by Hash.
def eql?(other)
return self.class == other.class && self.hash == other.hash && self == other
end
# Returns a hash value used by Hash, Set, and Array classes
def hash
return ([@addr, @mask_addr, @zone_id].hash << 1) | (ipv4? ? 0 : 1)
end
# Creates a Range object for the network address.
def to_range
self.class.new(begin_addr, @family)..self.class.new(end_addr, @family)
end
# Returns the prefix length in bits for the ipaddr.
def prefix
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
n = IN4MASK ^ @mask_addr
i = 32
when Socket::AF_INET6
n = IN6MASK ^ @mask_addr
i = 128
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
while n.positive?
n >>= 1
i -= 1
end
i
end
# Sets the prefix length in bits
def prefix=(prefix)
case prefix
when Integer
mask!(prefix)
else
raise InvalidPrefixError, "prefix must be an integer: #{@addr}"
end
end
# Returns a string containing a human-readable representation of the
# ipaddr. ("#<IPAddr: family:address/mask>")
def inspect
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
af = "IPv4"
when Socket::AF_INET6
af = "IPv6"
zone_id = @zone_id.to_s
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
return sprintf("#<%s: %s:%s%s/%s>", self.class.name,
af, _to_string(@addr), zone_id, _to_string(@mask_addr))
end
# Returns the netmask in string format e.g. 255.255.0.0
def netmask
_to_string(@mask_addr)
end
# Returns the IPv6 zone identifier, if present.
# Raises InvalidAddressError if not an IPv6 address.
def zone_id
if @family == Socket::AF_INET6
@zone_id
else
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv6 address"
end
end
# Returns the IPv6 zone identifier, if present.
# Raises InvalidAddressError if not an IPv6 address.
def zone_id=(zid)
if @family == Socket::AF_INET6
case zid
when nil, /\A%(\w+)\z/
@zone_id = zid
else
raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid zone identifier for address"
end
else
raise InvalidAddressError, "not an IPv6 address"
end
end
protected
def begin_addr
@addr & @mask_addr
end
def end_addr
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
@addr | (IN4MASK ^ @mask_addr)
when Socket::AF_INET6
@addr | (IN6MASK ^ @mask_addr)
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
# Set +@addr+, the internal stored ip address, to given +addr+. The
# parameter +addr+ is validated using the first +family+ member,
# which is +Socket::AF_INET+ or +Socket::AF_INET6+.
def set(addr, *family)
case family[0] ? family[0] : @family
when Socket::AF_INET
if addr < 0 || addr > IN4MASK
raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
end
when Socket::AF_INET6
if addr < 0 || addr > IN6MASK
raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
end
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
@addr = addr
if family[0]
@family = family[0]
if @family == Socket::AF_INET
@mask_addr &= IN4MASK
end
end
return self
end
# Set current netmask to given mask.
def mask!(mask)
case mask
when String
case mask
when /\A(0|[1-9]+\d*)\z/
prefixlen = mask.to_i
when /\A\d+\z/
raise InvalidPrefixError, "leading zeros in prefix"
else
m = IPAddr.new(mask)
if m.family != @family
raise InvalidPrefixError, "address family is not same: #{@addr}"
end
@mask_addr = m.to_i
n = @mask_addr ^ m.instance_variable_get(:@mask_addr)
unless ((n + 1) & n).zero?
raise InvalidPrefixError, "invalid mask #{mask}: #{@addr}"
end
@addr &= @mask_addr
return self
end
else
prefixlen = mask
end
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
if prefixlen < 0 || prefixlen > 32
raise InvalidPrefixError, "invalid length: #{@addr}"
end
masklen = 32 - prefixlen
@mask_addr = ((IN4MASK >> masklen) << masklen)
when Socket::AF_INET6
if prefixlen < 0 || prefixlen > 128
raise InvalidPrefixError, "invalid length: #{@addr}"
end
masklen = 128 - prefixlen
@mask_addr = ((IN6MASK >> masklen) << masklen)
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
@addr = ((@addr >> masklen) << masklen)
return self
end
private
# Creates a new ipaddr object either from a human readable IP
# address representation in string, or from a packed in_addr value
# followed by an address family.
#
# In the former case, the following are the valid formats that will
# be recognized: "address", "address/prefixlen" and "address/mask",
# where IPv6 address may be enclosed in square brackets (`[' and
# `]'). If a prefixlen or a mask is specified, it returns a masked
# IP address. Although the address family is determined
# automatically from a specified string, you can specify one
# explicitly by the optional second argument.
#
# Otherwise an IP address is generated from a packed in_addr value
# and an address family.
#
# The IPAddr class defines many methods and operators, and some of
# those, such as &, |, include? and ==, accept a string, or a packed
# in_addr value instead of an IPAddr object.
def initialize(addr = '::', family = Socket::AF_UNSPEC)
@mask_addr = nil
if !addr.kind_of?(String)
case family
when Socket::AF_INET, Socket::AF_INET6
set(addr.to_i, family)
@mask_addr = (family == Socket::AF_INET) ? IN4MASK : IN6MASK
return
when Socket::AF_UNSPEC
raise AddressFamilyError, "address family must be specified"
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family: #{family}"
end
end
prefix, prefixlen = addr.split('/', 2)
if prefix =~ /\A\[(.*)\]\z/i
prefix = $1
family = Socket::AF_INET6
end
if prefix =~ /\A(.*)(%\w+)\z/
prefix = $1
zone_id = $2
family = Socket::AF_INET6
end
# It seems AI_NUMERICHOST doesn't do the job.
#Socket.getaddrinfo(left, nil, Socket::AF_INET6, Socket::SOCK_STREAM, nil,
# Socket::AI_NUMERICHOST)
@addr = @family = nil
if family == Socket::AF_UNSPEC || family == Socket::AF_INET
@addr = in_addr(prefix)
if @addr
@family = Socket::AF_INET
end
end
if !@addr && (family == Socket::AF_UNSPEC || family == Socket::AF_INET6)
@addr = in6_addr(prefix)
@family = Socket::AF_INET6
end
@zone_id = zone_id
if family != Socket::AF_UNSPEC && @family != family
raise AddressFamilyError, "address family mismatch"
end
if prefixlen
mask!(prefixlen)
else
@mask_addr = (@family == Socket::AF_INET) ? IN4MASK : IN6MASK
end
end
def coerce_other(other)
case other
when IPAddr
other
when String
self.class.new(other)
else
self.class.new(other, @family)
end
end
def in_addr(addr)
case addr
when Array
octets = addr
else
m = RE_IPV4ADDRLIKE.match(addr) or return nil
octets = m.captures
end
octets.inject(0) { |i, s|
(n = s.to_i) < 256 or raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
s.match(/\A0./) and raise InvalidAddressError, "zero-filled number in IPv4 address is ambiguous: #{@addr}"
i << 8 | n
}
end
def in6_addr(left)
case left
when RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_FULL
if $2
addr = in_addr($~[2,4])
left = $1 + ':'
else
addr = 0
end
right = ''
when RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_COMPRESSED
if $4
left.count(':') <= 6 or raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
addr = in_addr($~[4,4])
left = $1
right = $3 + '0:0'
else
left.count(':') <= ($1.empty? || $2.empty? ? 8 : 7) or
raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
left = $1
right = $2
addr = 0
end
else
raise InvalidAddressError, "invalid address: #{@addr}"
end
l = left.split(':')
r = right.split(':')
rest = 8 - l.size - r.size
if rest < 0
return nil
end
(l + Array.new(rest, '0') + r).inject(0) { |i, s|
i << 16 | s.hex
} | addr
end
def addr_mask(addr)
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
return addr & IN4MASK
when Socket::AF_INET6
return addr & IN6MASK
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
def _reverse
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
return (0..3).map { |i|
(@addr >> (8 * i)) & 0xff
}.join('.')
when Socket::AF_INET6
return ("%.32x" % @addr).reverse!.gsub!(/.(?!$)/, '\&.')
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
def _to_string(addr)
case @family
when Socket::AF_INET
return (0..3).map { |i|
(addr >> (24 - 8 * i)) & 0xff
}.join('.')
when Socket::AF_INET6
return (("%.32x" % addr).gsub!(/.{4}(?!$)/, '\&:'))
else
raise AddressFamilyError, "unsupported address family"
end
end
end
unless Socket.const_defined? :AF_INET6
class Socket < BasicSocket
# IPv6 protocol family
AF_INET6 = Object.new.freeze
end
class << IPSocket
private
def valid_v6?(addr)
case addr
when IPAddr::RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_FULL
if $2
$~[2,4].all? {|i| i.to_i < 256 }
else
true
end
when IPAddr::RE_IPV6ADDRLIKE_COMPRESSED
if $4
addr.count(':') <= 6 && $~[4,4].all? {|i| i.to_i < 256}
else
addr.count(':') <= 7
end
else
false
end
end
alias getaddress_orig getaddress
public
# Returns a +String+ based representation of a valid DNS hostname,
# IPv4 or IPv6 address.
#
# IPSocket.getaddress 'localhost' #=> "::1"
# IPSocket.getaddress 'broadcasthost' #=> "255.255.255.255"
# IPSocket.getaddress 'www.ruby-lang.org' #=> "221.186.184.68"
# IPSocket.getaddress 'www.ccc.de' #=> "2a00:1328:e102:ccc0::122"
def getaddress(s)
if valid_v6?(s)
s
else
getaddress_orig(s)
end
end
end
end
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